One Step Forward in Curing Blindness
A new study posted in Nature shows a new step forward in the use of genetic modification to cure disabilities that people possess. Let’s go through the specifics of this study, it’s significance and what it means for the future of gene science.
History:
Genetic Modification saw its first usage and cultivation of its development in 1973. Scientists Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen made the breakthrough and engineered a process that allowed them to cut and attach genes from the cells of one organism to another. Through this process, they transferred genes that encoded antibiotic resistance from one bacteria strain to another. Followed soon after in 1974, Rudolf Jaenisch created the world’s first genetically modified organism by introducing foreign DNA into the embryo of a mouse which later gave birth to the world’s first transgenic embryo. Since these initial breakthroughs, genetic modification has given rise to many insights into treating diseases in medicine, specifically with the new study out of Nature, to help cure blindness.
The Study:
Conducted by Dr. Sahel and his team at the University of Pittsburgh, this study sought to make use of gene modification technologies to solve an ailment that has been negatively impacting the quality of life of millions worldwide. Dr. Sahel utilized a particular gene found in green algae called ChrimsonR. This is a cation channel that is photoreceptive, meaning it is sensitive to light and can be used to activate neurons. Using a benign vector, the ChrimsonR gateway was injected into the eye and began re-coding cells in the retina which is responsible for relaying light to our brains. Once encoded, using special light sensitive goggles has allowed patients suffering with blindness to have their vision partially restored.
The Future:
This study is being hailed as a humongous breakthrough in not only medicine but in the capabilities of genetic modification. There are already new studies being formed, using this information, to try and solve hearing impairments through similar means. As for the study conducted by Dr. Sahel, this is only the beginning of the work. There are plans to continue researching this area to one day use genetic modification to fully restore sight.